# Package Managers ==================================================================================== ## YUM (Yellowdog Update Manager) & DNF Both yum and DNF are found on RedHat based systems, and are pretty much interchangable. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #### Cache & Repositories ##### Update cache ``` yum makecache ``` ##### List enabled repositories ``` yum repolist ``` ##### List all active repositories ``` yum repolist --all ``` ##### Use specific repository: ``` yum --enablerepo="repoID" install packagename ``` ##### Disable specific repository ``` yum --disablerepo="repoID" install packagename ``` ##### Adding additional repositories repositories are stored in /etc/yum.repos.d/ (for both YUM and DNF) ##### Searching repositories for packages and package info The below can be used to check whether a package is available in the currently configured repositories (requires the exact package name): ``` dnf list packagename ``` The below can be used to search repositories for a keyword relating to a package - ie a part of its name or description: ``` dnf search packagename ``` or ``` yum list available | grep -i packagename ``` ##### Retrieve information about an available package: ``` dnf info packagename ``` ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ### Installing/Updating Packages #### Install package ``` yum install packagename ``` or ``` dnf install packagename ``` #### remove package ``` yum remove packagename ``` or ``` dnf remove packagename ``` remove unused dependencies: ``` dnf autoremove ``` #### update packages ``` yum update ``` or ``` dnf update ``` update a specific package ``` yum update packagename ``` or ``` dnf update packagename ``` ==================================================================================== ## APT (Advanced Package Tool) & DPKG (Debian Package) APT is a package manager found primarily on Debian based systems. ==================================================================================== #### Cache & Repositories Ubuntu apt uses a cache to store what can be installed/updated from repos. Before installing or updating software, it's worth checking that the cache has been recently updated to ensure that the most recent available packages are stored. ##### Update cache ``` apt update ``` Check when cache was last updated: ``` stat -c %z /var/lib/apt/periodic/update-success-stamp ``` ##### Searching repositories ``` apt list packagename ``` or ``` apt search packagename ``` ##### Adding repositories. repositories are stored in /etc/apt/sources.list or /etc/apt/sources.list.d Typically, you will need a key for apt to be able to use a repository. Keys will be available via the repository website. Download the key file Add the key to 'apt trusted keys' ``` apt-key add filename ``` Once added, create the repository file within /etc/apt/sources.list.d with a name of your choice. Add the repository details, typically prefaced with 'deb' and then the repo URL, and then OS release version. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #### Installing & Updating Packages ##### Install packages ``` apt install packagename ``` Install multiple packages ``` apt install packagename packagename packagename ``` ##### Removing packages Remove package without removing configuration files ``` apt remove packagename ``` Remove package and configuration files ``` apt purge packagename ``` Remove package dependencies ``` apt autoremove ``` ##### Updates (remember to apt update before hand) Check for updates ``` apt list --upgradable ``` Run all package updates ``` apt upgrade ``` Upgrade specific package ``` apt upgrade packagename ``` Update the OS and kernel: ``` apt dist-upgrade ``` Update everything (packages and kernel) ``` apt full-upgrade ``` ==================================================================================== ### openSuse - zypper #### Cache & Repositories Zypper uses a cache to store what can be installed/updated from repos. Before installing or updating software, it's worth checking that the cache has been recently updated, and if it hasn't; running an update on the cache. update cache ``` zypper ref ``` List repositories ``` zypper lr ``` Repositories are stored in /etc/zypp/repos.d ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #### Installing/ Searching/ Updating Packages Search packages ``` zypper se packagename ``` Search specifically ``` zypper se --match-words packagename ``` or ``` zypper se --match-exact packagename ``` Install package ``` zypper in packagename ``` Remove package (only option to remove package and configuration files) ``` zypper rm packagename ``` ====================================================================================