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Permissions Restores

ANS Stuff Backups & Restores

==================================================================================== Client chowned their server? did you chown a clients server? Never fear, facl is here. https://kb.ukfast.net/Linux_file_permissions ========================================...

FHS - Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

Hardware Configuration & Performance Disks

==================================================================================== FHS as defined by RedHat: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ /...

Linux+

LVM (Logical Volume Manager)

Hardware Configuration & Performance Disks

==================================================================================== LVM, or Logical Volume Manager, is a tool used on Linux systems to manage disk space in a more flexible way compared to traditional partitioning. It acts like a layer of abst...

STORAGE CONCEPTS

Hardware Configuration & Performance Disks

This page details the storage concepts for a linux system. FILE BLOCK In a block storage system, you can break the data into independent fixed-size blocks or pieces. Each block is an individual piece of data storage. A complete piece of information, suc...

Sandboxing & CHROOT

Software & Service Management

==================================================================================== CHROOT (Changed Root) Jail CHROOT essentially means that a user or application has it's root changed, essentially locking it away from the rest of the server filesystem. ...

VI/VIM

Bash

VIM is the best Linux text editor. i insert. A insert at the end of the current line. I insert at the beginning of the current line. o Insert on line below. O Insert on line above.5784/*/ :set number display line numbers...

Find & Locate

Bash

FIND Find is a linux search tool that can be used to find a variety of files based on the given criteria. find [options] {search location} {search criteria} [actions] OPTION Function -type  Specify the file type for the search. Either f or d....

Archiving and Compression

Hardware Configuration & Performance Disks

==================================================================================== gzip   ==================================================================================== tar (.tar) - Tape Archive Take multiple files and compress them into a single ...

PAM

SSH & Authentication

Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) PAM is essentially an authentication system that allows for different modules to be added for support of different authentication methods, as an example; 2fa would be handled by PAM on a Linux system. /etc/security/ ==...

File Permissions & Ownership

User Management & File Permissions

Linux File Ownership Files and directories in Linux are owned by a user and a group. chown The chown command can be used to set or change the user or group associated with ownership of the file. To change only the owner of a file; chown username filename ...

Locale, Date & Time

Linux System Variables

Locale In Linux, a locale is a set of environment variables that defines the language, country, and character encoding settings for a user's environment. Locales affect various aspects of a program's behavior, such as the way dates and times are displayed, th...

Linux+
Linux +

RAM

Hardware Configuration & Performance

View current RAM configuration lsmem View current RAM usage (human readable) free -h Older systems might not like -h, you can also run the command without it.

SSL Validation

Vulnerabilities, Patching, and Security SSL

==================================================================================== SSL Validation   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CNAME DNS V...

AutoSSL

cPanel

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Quick fixes DCV Required Port: 53 UDP   AutoSSL detecting an internal IP? Check using cpdig command: /scripts/...

SSL Checks

Vulnerabilities, Patching, and Security SSL

==================================================================================== Online Tools There are various online tools which can be used for SSL validation, here are a few:   SSL Checker   WhyNoPadlock   QuaysSSL lab   -------------------------...

LBv2 Overview

LoadBalancers

ANS Portal > Servers > Load Balancers Services: haproxy   Warden  /var/log/warden/warden.log   Keepalived – manages which side of lb the IPs are located on                                    /var/log/syslog 

Repositories

Server Software

https://rpms.remirepo.net/wizard/ 

Programming Constructs

Python

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ FOR LOOPS For loops are a fundamental programming construct used to execute a block of code repeatedly. They are ...

Bacula Bextract

ANS Stuff Backups & Restores

Bextract 1. Get list of volumes from TechDB To get an idea of what files you'll need, you need to examine the TechDB Backups tab. For each backup, a line will be printed which starts "Volume name(s):" - this should be in the following format: srv-7813711322...

xmlrpc & wp-login

Monitoring

==================================================================================== XMLRPC Identifying the total number of xmlrpc requests: grep -i 'xmlrpc' /path/to/access/log | cut -d ':' -f1 | sort | uniq -c | wc -l ------------------------------------...